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Carpal tunnel syndrome is characterized by hand numbness and weakness resulting from the compression of the median nerve, which runs through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. This condition often occurs due to swelling of the tendons or other structures in this area, leading to pressure on the median nerve. The symptoms typically manifest as numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand and fingers, particularly in the thumb, index, and middle fingers.

This condition is particularly common in individuals who perform repetitive movements or activities that involve wrist flexion, such as typing or using hand tools, making it relevant in various occupational settings. Understanding the mechanics of how tendon swelling can lead to nerve compression is crucial for recognizing the signs of carpal tunnel syndrome and implementing preventive measures or treatment strategies.

Other options do not specifically pinpoint the characteristic of tendon swelling leading to numbness and weakness in the hand in the same manner. Repetitive strain injury encompasses a broader range of conditions resulting from repetitive movement but does not specifically focus on nerve compression. Tendinitis indicates inflammation of a tendon, which might not necessarily lead to the symptoms described here without nerve involvement. Finally, arthritis refers to inflammation of the joints, which typically presents with joint pain and stiffness rather than the specific neurological